u n c o v e r I r a q . c o m

[First published in the Minnepaolis StarTribune on January 26, 2015]

When Journalists Died and We Were the Attackers by Drew Hamre

The Journalists’ Association of Serbia was among the first to protest the Charlie Hebdo assault, drawing parallels to a deadly attack on a Serb media outlet several years ago. Today as we’re awash in post-Hebdo invective, we need to re-consider this earlier incident where journalists died – and where we were the attackers. At 2:06 AM on April 23 1999, the US and NATO attacked Serbian State Television (RTS) in Belgrade, pancaking 6-stories of cement into rubble and killing 16 of the 100 civilian workers in the building. Victims included Jelica Munitlak, a young makeup artist who was simply proud to be working at Serbia’s largest station, and Tomislav Mitrovic, a production manager near retirement who had sent subordinates home for their own safety. The RTS attack came as US leadership and NATO faced intense political pressure to broaden their targets in the bombing campaign against Yugoslavia. The StarTribune had joined the mob, editorializing on March 31 1999 for “more planes carrying more bombs against more targets around the clock”. NATO delivered. In early April, attacks became more indiscriminate, killing farmers, suburbanites, and miners. Attacks damaged a maternity hospital in central Belgrade, and accidentally killed scores in attacks on a passenger train and refugee convoy. On April 8, NATO warned RTS that their equipment would be attacked but then offered assurances that civilian staff was not a target. But NATO changed their mind again, and on April 23 they attacked without specific warning. People were still trapped in the wreckage when Western leaders began defending the raid as an attack on a propaganda outlet. President Clinton said that he approved the bombing because RTS “basically spread disinformation” (this coming just months after his perjury impeachment). Tony Blair insisted the attack was “entirely justified,” later citing a concern that RTS footage of NATO victims was being re- broadcast in the West and might undermine support for the bombing. Pentagon spokesman Kenneth Bacon added a blunt terroristic threat: “the broad message is that (the Serbs) should put pressure on their leadership to end this.'' In other words, we’ll continue bombing civilian resources until the Serbian government changes. Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, Reporters Without Borders, and the Committee to Protect Journalists all protested the attack. Amnesty and HRW viewed the attack as a war crime, though the ICTY declined to prosecute on narrow legalistic grounds. RTS was back on the air from a different studio within hours of the attack. Britain’s National Union of Journalists warned that NATO’s arguments to legitimize the RTS attack effectively “(make) the BBC a target”. Stateside one wonders– would NATO’s arguments put Voice of America at risk … or the Washington Post, which in 2007 was denounced on the floor of the House for ‘driving the drumbeat that drove the vote for war in Iraq’. There is no slipperier slope. As one British headline said immediately after the RTS raid: “Once you kill people because you don't like what they say, you change the rules of war.” Or as the StarTribune warned more recently (Jan. 8), those who “wage war on journalists wage war on everyone”. The RTS attack was not an isolated incident: Al Jazeera was attacked during the Bush years, and Libyan television was attacked during Obama’s administration (killing three in an attack ‘deplored’ by the UN: “Silencing the media is never a solution”). So yes – now we have a different city, a different media, different motives, but similar justifications shouted by those with bloody hands: you were killed because we didn’t like what you said. RTS has disappeared down the memory hole (not a peep in the US mainstream), leaving the butchery in Paris as fodder for the Islamophobes and Beltway commandoes. I guess the fanatics will always find a flag. Journalists are civilians and are protected by convention and by law. This status can’t be selectively applied. And for the rest of us, if we can’t recall beyond yesterday then we haven’t a prayer. Je Suis Charlie. Je Suis Jelica.

-DH

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